[2020.06.24] RC - Grammer

Grammer

1. It was difficult in the beginning, but she got used (?) it.

Ans: to

-> 간단한 문제, 핵심은 be used to에서 be 대신 get을 쓸 수도 있다는 것. 또한 익숙하다, 적응하다의 뜻으로 쓸 때는 be used to 뒤에 명사임.

2. Don't worry. It will be done (?) you know it.

Ans: before

-> 해석 문제, 알아채기도 전에 끝날 것이라는 뜻이 되야함. 핵심은 시간의 부사절에서는 현재시제 know가 미래의 뜻을 포함한다는 것. 치과치료 받는 상황인 듯.

3. Actually, he was in the back, (?) the whole way.

Opt:

• a) slept
• b) Sleeping
• c) to be sleeping
• d) have been sleeping

Ans:

-> 부사절 필요, 앞에 콤마를 보고 분사구문을 눈치채면 편함. 답은 (b)

4. I can offer you (?)

Opt:

• a) some advices
• b) an advice
• c) advices
• d) advice

Ans:

-> advice가 불가산이라는 것을 아는가를 묻는 문제, 다만 눈치있으면 advice가 가산이라는 가정하에 a, c가 복수정답이 되니까 advice는 불가산이라는 것을 눈치챌 수도 있다.

자주 출제되는 불가산 : advice, permission, equipment, applause, machinery

 

5. Environmental issues (?) theirs.

Opt:

• a) have been long an interest of
• b) have long been an interest of
• c) have been long of an interest
• d) have long been of an interest

Ans:

-> long이 부사로 쓰일 때, 위치를 묻는 문제. 이때 long은 빈도부사와 같은 곳에 위치한다. 답은 b)

6. I know. She (?) a big star if she had applied herself.

Opt:

• a) could have become
• b) will have become
• c) has become
• d) became

Ans:

-> 가정법 과거완료 문법문제. 뒤에 if절에서 과거 완료형이므로, 주절에서는 조동사 과거형(would, could, should, might)이 나와야함.

7. She (?) lessons for years now.

Opt:

• a) will have taking
• b) has been taking
• c) was taking
• d) is taking

Ans:

-> 대놓고 for years now가 나옴. 더 말이 필요한가?

8. I once visited the orchard (?) they were picked.

Opt:

• a) what
• b) which
• c) from what
• d) from which

Ans:

-> 선행사 존재: what안됨, 뒤가 완전한 문장: which, from what안됨.

orchard : 과수원

9. I have been telling them for weeks, but hardly (?) is listening.

Opt:

• a) no one
• b) someone
• c) none
• d) anyone

Ans:

-> hardly (barely) + any~는 공식. 합쳐서 little과 같은 뜻이 됨. 또한 찍더라도 부정어가 연속으로 두번 나올 수는 없기 대문에 b나 d중에서 찍으면 좋음.

10. Definitely, I've long hoped (?) him.

Opt:

• a) meet
• b) to meet
• c) having met
• d) to have met

Ans:

-> to 부정사를 목적어로 취하는 hope에 관한 문제.

원하다, 소망하다 시리즈: hope, want, wish, desire등의 동사는 목적어로 to 부정사를 취하며, 이 형태가 to have p.p가 될 수는 없음.

+ decide, choose, plan

+ need, expect, offer

11. I wish I would finish (?) it next week.

Opt:

• a) renovate
• b) renovating
• c) to renovate
• d) having renovated

Ans:

-> 동명사를 목적어로 취하는 finish에 관한 문제.

끝내다 시리즈, 연기하다 시리즈: finish, stop, give up, delay, postpone

꺼려하다 시리즈 : mind, avoid, resist, escape

+ consider, suggest, recommend, imagine

12. It was (?) to be.

Opt:

• a) as nearly tasty as I hoped
• b) nearly tasty as I hoped as
• c) as I hoped as nearly tasty
• d) nearly as tasty as I hoped

Ans:

-> as~as 구문 문제. 기본적인 형태는 as adj as, as adj + N as 임. 베리에이션으로 as adj + a N as 가 가능함에 주의.

nearly와 just가 as~as와 주로 쓰임.

13. Researchers have found that the more involved parents are with their childen, (?) that will get involved with bad things.

Opt:

• a) it is t he less likely
• b) i the less likely
• c) the less likely it is
• d) less the it likely is

Ans:

-> the 비교급, the 비교급 문제. 여기서 the 비교급과 수식하는 부사는 항상 붙어 있어야 한다는 것에 주의.

e.g. the less likely it is (o) , the less it is likely (x)

이 문제 틀림ㅋㅋ 앞으로 the 비교급 나오고 콤마 나오면 무조건 구문 생각해야지...

 

14. Competition makes it difficult (?) impossible for young adults to get a job without a college degree.

Opt:

• a) if not downright
• b) if it not was downright
• c) to downright it was
• d) to downright it not

Ans:

-> 가목적어 구문을 완성할 수 있는 지를 묻는 문제. 가목적어 it에 대해 for 이하가 의미상주어, to 이하가 진목적어가 된다. 따라서 빈칸~impossible까지가 부사절 수식어가 된다. 또한 부사절에서 주어+be동사는 생략가능, even if에서 even도 생략가능하다. 답은 a)

downright: 완전히

해석: 경쟁은 젊은 청년들이 대학 졸업장 없이 취직하는 것을 불가능한건 아니지만 어렵게 만든다.

연속으로 털림ㅋㅋㅋ downright가 부사일줄은....

15. The cruise line redirected its routes to the Mediterrancean after it (?) to a French tour company in 2003.

Opt:

• a) sells
• b) has sold
• c) was sold
• d) has been selling

Ans:

-> 시제 문제. after가 과거를 묻는 문제면 S + 과거 + after + S + 과거완료 형태가 되는게 일반적임. 하지만 after나 before에서 과거완료대신 일반 과거형을 쓰는 것이 가능. 답은 c)

16. It (?) for three weeks and it doesn't seem to stop now.

Opt:

• a) is raining
• b) was raining
• c) has been raining
• d) had been raining

Ans:

-> 시제 문제. for + 기간, 뒤에 now힌트까지 합쳐 현재완료 진행형.

17. The play's director expects that the actors (?) rehearsing their scenes by early next week.

Opt:

• a) had started
• b) be starting
• c) were starting
• d) will have started

Ans:

-> 미래완료 문제. 미래완료가 나오기 위한 조건. by the end of ~, by next ~, by the time + S + 현재 V

18. Travel can be difficult for people who have trouble (?) in deds that are not their own.

Opt:

• a) sleeping
• b) slept
• c) sleeps
• d) sleep

Ans:

-> 숙어표현. ~하는 데 어려움을 겪다. Have trouble, have a problem, have a hard time, have difficulty 모두 뒤에 ing가 오게 되어 있음.

19. Machu Picchu, one ofthe seven wonders of the world, is located in (?) in now Peru.

Opt:

• a) which
• b) what
• c) where
• d) that

Ans:

-> 관계사 문제. 선행사 없음: which안됨. 부사절 불완전: where, that안됨.

20. By the late 1700s, residents of the American colonies (?) to seek their independence from Britain.

Opt:

• a) decide
• b) will decide
• c) have decided
• d) had decided

Ans: 시제 문제. by + 과거 -> 과거완료.

21. Young city workers with high-paid jobs have often complained (?) friends.

Opt:

• a) having too little time seeing
• b) of having too little time to see
• c) having too little of time to see
• d) about having too little of time to see

Ans:

-> 자동사, 한정사 문제. 의외로 complain은 자동사. most, many, much, some, little + 명사가 일반적이지만, 한정사 + of the + N 가능. the 생략 안 됨.

22. The board members (?) the executive director's pans for organizational restructuring.

Opt:

• a) regarding have yet to be informed to
• b) have informed yet to be regarding
• c) have yet to be informed regarding
• d) regarding to be informed yet have

Ans)

-> 관용 표현 문제, have yet to V : 아직 ~ 하지 않았다. 답은 c)

regarding = about -> 분사형 전치사

23. Our company keeps visiting clients (?) by taking them to theatrical performances.

Opt:

• a) entertain
• b) entertains
• c) entertained
• d) entertaining

Ans)

-> 5형식 keep의 구문을 묻는 문제, keep + ing 목적어 + o.c (형용사 or 분사)

clients가 즐거워 지는 것이므로 c)

24. An estimated 600 to 1,100 will die (?) the radiation exposure during the nex20 years.

Opt:

• a) to
• b) in
• c) for
• d) of

Ans)

-> die에 맞는 전치사를 묻는 문제. ~로 죽다를 의미하는 전치사는 die of / from임. die for은 ~를 위해 죽다 이므로 주의.

25. It also doesn't help that our local property taxes were recently gotten increased by about three percent.

Ans)

be p.p + p.p의 형태로 쓸 수 없음. recently와 합쳐서 have recently increased로 바꿔야 적당함.

26. I guess so. But his decision was very disappointed to his supporters.

Ans)

-> his decision이 supporters를 실망시킨것이므로 disappointing이 옳다.

27. At first, yes. But she kept asking about it to him until he agreed.

Ans)

-> ask가 타동사이기 때문에, asking him about it이 적절하다.

28. It is depicted in African mythology and legends as a symbol of powerful and wisdom, and have traditionally been held in reverence.

Ans)

-> 그냥 and와 ,and의 차이. ,and는 문장과 문장을 잇는 and 따라서 have의 주어가 맨 앞에 it임. has로 바꿔야 옳다.

29. That is why only 15 people across the world have reported as sighting the mammal over the past century.

Ans)

-> report는 동명사를 목적어로 취하는 타동사임. as 빼야함.

30. African-American soldiers would never have been accepted into the Union Army it had not been for his lobbying.

Ans)

-> 연결사 없음, 접속사 if가 들어가는 것이 적절. 아니면 도치시켜서 had not been for 형태가 되던가.

had not been for ~ : ~가 없었더라면